Along with food and shelter, sleep is quickly becoming
widely recognized as one of the most crucial commodities, a necessity rather
than a luxury. Forced sleep deprivation has been used for decades in the
interrogation of prisoners, sparking debates over whether the technique
qualifies as torture or not. Navy SEAL trainees must endure, as part of their
infamous Hell Week, days of little to no sleep, putting their bodies and minds
under extreme duress. And approximately four ordinary people like you and me are
fatally injured in vehicular accidents related to tired drivers falling asleep
at the wheel or unable to avoid a crash due to slowed reflexes and focusing
skills.
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The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration asserts
that drowsy driving is a leading cause of accidents, injuries, and deaths,
accounting for at least 100,000 crashes, 40,000 injuries, and 1,550 deaths
yearly; they also proclaim these numbers should realistically be higher due to
the underreporting of fatigue as a cause of an accident. [1]
Drowsy driving accidents characteristically involve a single car with a lone
driver and occur during the late night, early morning, or mid-afternoon hours,
when exhaustion is most likely to set in. The three population groups who are
considered to be at the highest risk of fatigue-related accidents are teenagers
and young adults, night-shift workers and those with long or irregular hours,
and people of all ages suffering from untreated sleep disorders, namely sleep
apnea and narcolepsy.[2]